Guru Gobind Singh Jayanti, or Gurpurab, is the most prominent religious observance among Sikhs since it is the birthday celebration of all Sikh gurus. However, all 10 gurus’ birthdays are eminent, but Sikhs commemorate the first and tenth guru’s birthdays at a higher level, and these two days are marked as government holidays in our country. Guru Gobind Singh Ji was the tenth guru of the Sikhs, and according to the Nanakshahi calendar, his birthday is celebrated in the month of January. This year, Guru Gobind Singh Jayanti falls on January 9, 2022.
Guru Gobind Singh was the only son of the Sikhs’ ninth guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji, and Mata Gujri Ji. According to the Georgian calendar, Guru Ji was born on December 22, 1966, in Patna, Bihar. When he was just nine years old, his father, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji, was beheaded by the Mughals for not converting to Islam.
Guru Gobind Singh Ji was the spiritual master of the Sikhs as well as a great warrior and poet. He is known as “Sarbansdani” in Sikhism as he sacrificed his whole family for the sake of the Sikh religion. Guru Gobind Singh founded the “Khalsa Panth” and established the five Ks—the articles of faith that every man and woman who joins Khalsa by taking “Khande Di Pahul” must follow.
These five Ks are Kesh-uncut hair, Kangha-wooden comb, Kada-an iron or steel bracelet, Kripaan-a sword, and Kacchera-short breeches. Guru Gobind Singh fought 13 battles with the Mughals and the kings of the Shivalik Hills. He, on the other hand, believed in the concept of the Dharam Yuddh—a war for righteousness. He believed that war should only be used as a last resort, not for the sake of vengeance, greed, or other destructive goals.
On the occasion of Gurpurab, gurudwaras are decorated with lights and flowers. The Gurpurab festivities begin at least two days before with the reading of the Guru Granth Sahib, the Sikh community’s sacred scripture. The Akhand Path is a 48-hour non-stop reading of the holy book. During the days of celebration, processions are performed in many regions of states like Punjab and Delhi, where people do a lot of sewa by cleaning the roads before the procession for the Palki or Palanquin and providing free food and beverages to everyone, regardless of caste or background.
The Panj Pyaras, the Five Beloved Ones bearing the Sikh flag, Nishan Sahib, lead these processions. The first Panj Pyaras played an important part in establishing Sikhism’s history since they were the first to be baptised in the Sikh initiation rite of Amrit Sanchar. Each Sikh guru has a unique collection of hymns that are chanted on their birthday. Following this session, people gather for a reading from the holy book known as the Katha, or reading session. After this, people frequently attend kirtan, when shabads in honour of Guru Gobind Singh are sung.
The festivities, like in all gurudwaras, do not end without a community feast known as langar. This is provided to everyone who visits the gurudwara, regardless of caste, creed, or religion. On Gurpurab, unique dishes are prepared as an offering to the Khalsa Panth’s founder on his birthday. The meal is prepared at the gurudwara’s communal kitchen. and is served with love and respect to the “Sangat” while doing “Sewa.”
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